Pump or compressor of the liquid ring type



Nov. 24, 1942. R. l.. DARDELET ,2,302,747A

PUMP OR COMPRESSQR ,OF THE LIQUID RING TYPE Filed Deo. 7, 1939n 2sheets-'sheet 1 1b En: 1 2

@www

Nov. 24, 1942. R 1 DARDELET 2,302,747

' PUMP 0R COMPRESSOR 0F THE LIQUID RING TYPE:

Filed DBC. 7, 1939 zlsheetS-Shee'll- 2 hire/fog Patented Nov. 24, 1942 lZ- f PUMP 0R COMPRESSOR o'F THE LIQUID- RING TYPEk Y Robert LonDardelet, Grenoble, France Application December 7, 1939,Serial'No.'308,088l

In France December 17., 1938 s claims. (ci. 23o- 79) My inventionrelates to rotary gas pumps and compressors of the liquid ring type,which employ a rotor in which are formed a series of displacementchambers from which the liquid alternately enters and recedes duringeach revolution of said rotor, thereby producing an action of suckingand forcing of any gas through ports provided in a port member or portmembers, said port member or port members being provided, adjacent saidports, with at least one circular surface co-operating with a circularsurface Which'forms part of the rotor in such a manner as to form ajoint,

My invention has for its main object a means for making this jointgas-tight at least along the said ports.,

The pump or the compressor according to my invention may be of anyappropriate construction and be provided with one or a plurality of portmembers of any shape and located in any position relatively to thecooperating rotor or rotors, it being possible for example for thedistribution to be lateral or internal.

According t0 a preferred embodiment, grooves supplied with liquid anddirected in the direction nof the movement of the rotor are provided inthe port member on the side of the suction and/or delivery portsprovided in same, advantageously in such' a manner as to surround saidports.

Additional grooves may be provided in advance of the delivery ports inthe direction of rotation of the rotor, in order to prevent leaks duringthe compression period which precedes the delivery.

The aforesaid grooves are supplied with liquid in any appropriatemanner, for example from a common source of liquid under pressure.

According to a feature of the invention, the liquid is conveyed to thegrooves surrounding the suction ports from a low point of the deliverychamber or chambers of the pump, this supply being effected in generalat atmospheric pressure in vacuum pumps and at delivery pressure incompressors.

Other objects, features and advantages of my invention will moreoverbecome apparent from th'e ensuing description made -with reference tothe accompanying drawings which is given solely by way of example and inwhich:

Fig. l is a sectional elevation of a pump or compressor according to theinvention having a single rotor;

Fig. 2 is a section on a line lI-II of Fig, 1;

Fig. 3 is a development on a larger scale of a portion of the surface ofthe distributors.

larger scale along the The pump or compressor according to theernbodiment shown is of the internal distribution type and comprises twostationary port members I and 'I' whereofthe parts facing each other areeach provided with an extension, th'e outer surface 3 and 3 of which iscircular and cylindrical and the axis of which is at 4.

Each circular surface 3 and 3 lis adapted 'to cooperate with the leastpossible clearance so as to forma joint with two circular surfaces 6-1and 6'-'I, the surface B and 6 being formed von the plates '8 and 8 andthe surfaces'l and 1 on the hub'of "the rotor 5 keyed to the shaft 9whereof th'e axis 'is 4 and which is driven in the directionA ofthearrow f. i

'The rotor 5, which is provided with radial blades 'I I vformingdisplacement chambers, is enclosed in a stationary body Il) whereof theupper and lower internal Vsurfaces are eccentric relatively to the axis4.

' The elements which are about to be mentioned are located in the twoport members; in order to simplify the explanation, they will only bedescribed `with reference to thevport member I and are referenced, inthe drawings on the port member I', with the same reference numeral ason the distributing plate I accompanied by a prime.

The annular rsurface 3l of said port memberl I` is provided with twosuction ports I2 and I3 and with two delivery ports I4 and I5 whichare'V located betweenthe surfaces 6 and 1, the first opposite the partof the body l0 that moves away from the axis'4 in the direction of thearrow f and the others opposite the lpart of the body I0 that movestowards the axis 4 in th'e same direction. The suction ports I2 and I3are in communication with the suction chamber I6 which is connected tothe suction pipe I'I, Fig. 1, and each delivery port I4 and I5 is incommunication with the delivery chamber I8 whichis connected to thedelivery pipe I9 (Fig. 1). The pipes II and I9 areeach connected to thetwo port members land I. n y y It will be understood that the rotationof the rotor 5 inside the body Il! which has previously been filled withliquid compels said liquid, by the action o'f'centrifugal force, to forma ring 2U which assumes the internal shape of the body I0. Said Iring20, asA known, forms a piston inside each chamber formed between theblades II of the rotor 5 and sucks the gases through the ports I2, I3,I2', I3 and forces them through the ports I4, I5, I4', I5.

Referring toFig. 3, which shows diagrammatically a development of thepart of each of the surfaces 3 and 3 which is between the outer ends ofthe surfaces B and B', these latter being such a manner as to formchambers closed by the Surfaces 6 and l of the rotor, and on the otherhand, similar grooves 24, which are likewise paralle] with the arrow fand are arranged along and on the sides of the suction ports l2 and I3in such a manner as to be covered by the surfaces 6 and 1 of the rotor.

Additional grooves 26, have been shown in the extension and in advanceof said grooves 22 in the direction of the arrow f, in order to preventleaks during the compression period which precedes the delivery.

Identical grooves are provided in the surface 3'.

For supplyingk said grooves with liquid, the grooves 22 have been shownin Fig. 2 as communicating through ducts 28 and 29 with a circular duct30 connected to an inlet 32 of liquid under pressure. The grooves 24could be supplied from the same source.

It is to be noted that the pressure of the fluid supplied to grooves 24may be lower than the pressure of the fluid supplied to grooves 22 andhas only to be higher than the inlet pressure of the pump or compressorwith the suction ports of which the grooves 24 cooperate. In theembodiment shown, said pressure is substantially equal to theatmospheric pressure in vacuum pumps or to the delivery pressure incompressors, the grooves 24 being in communication, through ducts 34 and35, with a circular duct 36 which itself communicates with a sump 31located at the bottom of the delivery chamber I 8, and which at the lowpoint 40 takes up the liquid that is retained therein as it passes afterbeing forced by the liquid ring 20 and before the mixture of gas andliquid is expelled from the pump. (The same occurs in the distributingplate l While I have illustrated and described the preferred form ofconstruction for carrying my invention into effect, this is capable ofvariation and modification, without departing from the spirit of theinvention. I therefore do not wish to be limited to the precise detailsof construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variationsand modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a rotary gas pump or compressor of the liquid ring type includinga casing, a rotor provided with blades, at least one xed port membercoaxial with said rotor and provided with suction and delivery ports,said casing being provided with internal suction and delivery chambersin communication respectively with said suction and delivery ports, acircular surface forming part of said rotor and substantially in contactwith said port member in order to form joint therewith, the part of saidport member which is in contact with the other of said circular surfacesbeing provided with grooves arranged on the sides of the suction anddelivery ports respectively and directed in the direction of movement ofthe rotor, passage means extending between a low point of said deliverychamber and the grooves cooperating with the -suction ports fordirecting liquid to said last named grooves, and means adapted toconnect with a source of liquid under pressure the grooves cooperatingwith the delivery ports.

2. A rotary gas pump or compressor as claimed in claim 1 in which saidpassage means include a circular duct and a sump between said duct and alow point of the delivery chamber.

3. In a rotary pump or compressor of the liquid ring type, a casing, arotor mounted therein and having displacement chambers, a least onefixed port member co-axial with the rotor and having inlet and outletports in communication with the rotor, a circular continuous surfaceco-axial with the rotor, on at least one side of said ports and formingpart of said port member, a further continuous surface forming part ofsaid rotor and rotating substantially in contact with said rst namedcircular surface, said surfaces being shaped to form between them atleast one sealing chamber along the ports and parallel therewith andelongated in the direction of rotation of the rotor, said sealingchamber being closed and communicating with the outside only across theclearance between said surfaces, and passage means extendincr interiorlyof said port member to conduct liquid to said sealing chamber.

4. In a rotary pump or compressor of the liquid ring type, a casing, arotor mounted therein and having displacement chambers, at least onefixed port member co-axial with the rotor and having inlet and outletports in communication with the rotor, two circular continuous surfacesc0- axial with the rotor, on each side of said ports respectively andforming parts of said port member, two circular continuous surfacesforming part of the rotor and rotating substantially in contact withsaid surfaces respectively in order to form on each side of the saidports a pair of cooperating surfaces, the surfaces forming each pairbeing shaped to form between them sealing chamber along the ports andparallel therewith and elongated in the direction of rotation of therotor, said sealing chamber being closed and communicating with eachother and with the outside only across the clearance between saidsurfaces, and passage means extending interiorly of said port member toconduct liquid to said sealing chambers.

5. In a rotary pump or compressor of the liquid ring type, a casing, arotor mounted therein and having displacement chambers, at least one xedport member co-axial with the rotor and having inlet and outlet ports incommunication with the rotor, a circular continuous surface co-axialwith the rotor on at least one side of said ports and forming part ofsaid port member, said surface being provided with grooves arrangedalong the ports and parallel therewith and elongated inthe direction ofrotation of the rotor, a further circular surface forming part of therotor and rotating in contact with said rst named continuous circularsurface and closingr the chambers formed by said grooves, said chambersthus only communicating with the outside across the yclearance betweensaid surfaces, and passage means extending interiorly of said portmember to conduit liquid to said grooves.

6. A rotary gas pump or compressor as claimed in claim 5 in which saidgrooves are arranged along said inlet and outlet ports respectively,said passage means including separate means for supplying the groovescooperating with the inlet ports and the grooves cooperating with theoutlet ports.

7. A rotary pump or compressor as claimed in claim 5 in which saidgrooves are arranged along said outlet ports and in Which said rst namedsurface is provided with additional grooves in advance of the said lastnamed grooves in the direction of rotation of the rotor.

8. In a rotary pump or compressor of the liquid ring type, a casing, arotor mounted therein and having displacement chambers, a least one xedport member co-axial With the rotor and having inlet and outlet ports incommunication .with the rotor, a circular continuous surface co-axialwith the rotor on at least one side of said ports and forming part ofsaid port member, said surface being provided with grooves whichparallel the inlet and outlet ports and are elongated in the directionof rotation of the rotor, a further circular surface forming part of therotor and rotating in contact with said first named continuous circularsurface and closing the chambers formed by said grooves, said chambersthus communicating with the outside only across the running clearancesbetween said surfaces, and passage means extending interiorly of saidport member to conduct liquid to said grooves.

ROBERT LoN DARDELET.

